The city’s Independent Police Review Authority was established in 2007 after the failure of the previous Office of Professional Standards, a civilian oversight board that reported to the police department. The mission of the L.V.M.P.D. Passcode: 125105 or 669.900.6833 The Citizen Review Subcommittee is responsible for promoting public confidence in the professionalism and accountability of the Champaign Police Department through unbiased review of the investigation of citizen complaints. During that period it recommended punitive sanctions against police … At the request of the City Manager or the Chief of Police, the Citizen Review Board makes recommendations concerning interpretation of police policies and procedures. The Urbana Civilian Police Review Board (CPRB) is a city board, established by Mayor Prussing and the Urbana City Council in 2011 to provide a fair and independent process for the review of citizen complaints concerning sworn police officers. In order to communicate with the CRB electronically please send an email to policecrb@charlottesville.gov. However, the board also served as a Citizen Complaint Review Board with the power to investigate citizens’ complaints and make recommendations based on their investigations to the chief of police, the city manager, and city council. Citizens Police Review Board member expectations: Engage in community outreach Accept concerns from members of the Hamlet community The Review Board was established for the purpose of receiving and investigating complaints of misconduct by peace officers of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department … Training shall also include topics suggested by NACOLE in its recommended orientation and training for Board members. Police, Police Killing, reforms. For instructions on remote participation/viewing, please scroll to the bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review the Virtual Meeting Instructions. Mayor Jean Stothert signed an executive order Thursday forming the citizen complaint review board in relation to the Omaha Police Department. The Board is not a part of the police department. 346.248.7799 Click here Once dialed-in and prompted, you can enter the Webinar ID: 820 1359 5424, Virtual Meeting via Zoom Webinar, Orlando, FL, 32801 View Map, 400 South Orange Avenue Or dial in: +1 929 205 6099 US (New York), Livestreamed onto YouTube here: An independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the Orlando Police Department's Internal Affairs. The Citizen Review Board (CRB) is a program within Oregon’s state court system that reviews the cases of children in foster care. Sometimes, there is an appearance that the police still are unable—even through the review boards—to police themselves. Citizens Review Board. The Citizens Review Board was formed to enhance trust between the Tampa Police Department and the community it serves by creating an unbiased panel of citizens to review completed disciplinary cases and issues of importance or interest to the community and the Police Department. 312.626.6799 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeFfoP2fuYn4CWJjCdPv1SQ. 929.205.6099 Agenda's will be posted as they are … Tuesday, January 26, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern Time. The Citizen Police Review Board (CPRB) is an independent agency within the City of Pittsburgh set up to investigate citizen complaints about improper conduct by the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police. An independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the Orlando Police Department's Internal Affairs. The implementation in Tampa followed uproar in 2015 after a Tampa Bay Times … Mayor Andrew Ginther announced plans to create the board following last summer’s community-wide protests over the use of force by police officers. This says, ‘you’re going to do this, and if you don’t you’re going to be terminated.’ That is very important because it eliminates the potential of getting involved in lengthy litigation. It’s preventive." Upon review of the above matters, the Citizens Advisory Board shall address recommendations and concerns, if any, to the chief of police in writing. Independent investigations into complaints of police conduct. The board's goal is to improve community relations with police and increase police accountability. 407.246.2121, Monday - Friday  8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Beth Pittinger, executive director of the Citizen Police Review Board: "This emphasizes the power of the board’s process. Orlando, Florida 32801 We bring transparency and public oversight to foster care cases and a path for citizens to shape public policy affecting Oregon’s most vulnerable children and families. “We do not want a citizen review board with subpoena powers,” said Bobby Moody, representing the Tampa Retired Fire and Police Association. Citizen review boards generally operate independently of the courts and other law-enforcement agencies. The group is made up of subject matter experts and key community stakeholders who will help guide important decisions including: how the board will be seated; how it will operate; and what powers will be afforded to the board. The Police Civilian Review Board provides civilian oversight regarding the excessive use of force and other complaints, and internal police investigations conducted by the police. Or Was He? Citizen review boards have not been very effective at causing reform, as they are often co-opted by the police department whose investigations they are supposed to review, and thus wind up agreeing with the police department in almost all instances. (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) -- The City of Cedar Rapids is getting closer to establishing establishing a Citizen Review Board. My Grandfather Was a Good Cop. The Work Group will study best practices used in other cities and bring back the right civilian review board recommendations for Columbus. For instructions on remote participation/viewing, please scroll to the bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review the Virtual Meeting Instructions. He is working to set up meetings with Warner Robins Police Chief John Wagner and city council members to talk about setting up a citizen review board in the city. The board serves a strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power. 301.715.8592 police review boards, it should be clear that the importance of accountability to clients and citizens is not unique to the police. The chief of police will consider the board's recommendations or concerns. The Board reviews internal investigations concerning Police and Community Service Officer conduct in the following situations: Upon written complaint, where an Officer is alleged to have: used force or discharged a … The new citizen-led oversight board will replace the Independent Police Review, a city agency, which investigates police misconduct along with the Police Bureau’s … Mayor Andrew Ginther announced plans to … Meet the BART Police Citizen Review Board. Opposition. The Citizen Police Review Board (CPRB) is an independent agency within the City of Pittsburgh set up to investigate citizen complaints about improper conduct by the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police. Observed holidays, Report an Incorrectly Parked Dockless Bike or Scooter, Report Sanitary Overflow or Stopped Sewer, Non-Compliance List for Private Storm Systems, Request a Pre-Application Meeting with a Planner, Apply for a Certificate of Appearance Approval, Apply for a Mural Permit for Your Business, Figure Out What Permits You Need for an Accessory Dwelling Unit, View Open Development Applications- Municipal Planning Board, New traffic signal at Virginia Drive and Alden Road, Dean Road Interceptor Sewer Rehab Project, Narcoossee Road Widening and Improvements, Construction of New Orlando Tennis Centre, American Way Sanitary Sewer Replacement Project, Orange Center Boulevard Sanitary Sewer Project, Drainage Improvements for Southeast Lakes, Lake Highland Drive/Alden Road Realignment and Utility Project, Sanitary Sewer Smoke Testing Near Willie Mays Park, Hazeltine National Drive Rehabilitation Project, Econlockhatchee Trail Improvement Project, W. Harding Street Sanitary Sewer Removal and Replacement Project, Proactive Smoke Testing - Willie Mays, Lake Richmond and Other Areas, Sanitary Sewer Removal & Replacement - Vassar Street, Brick Street Rehabilitation Project - Delaney Avenue, Schedule a Virtual Permitting Appointment, Request More Outdoor Space for Your Downtown Business, Housing and Development Grants, Incentives and Assistance, Community Development Block Grants & Emergency Solutions Grants, Apply for Affordable Housing Development Incentives, View Photos of your Red Light Camera Violation, Request a Road Closure for Construction Work, Westbound Anderson Street between Rosalind Avenue and Orange Avenue, South Street under I-4 Permanently Shifting to Westbound Only, Mariposa between Lake Ave and S Osceola Ave, Rio Grande Avenue from Central Boulevard to Church Street, Midiron Drive at the intersection of Minnesota Avenue, State Lane between West Robinson Street and West Livingston Street, Livingston Street between Mills Ave and Highland Ave, Westbound Livingston Street between N Orange Ave and N Garland Ave, New Broad Street and Welham Street Closure, Trash, Recycling & Yard Waste Pick-Up Schedule, Report a Missed Trash Cart, Recycling Cart or Yard Waste Pick-Up, Sign up for Commercial Food Waste Collection, Submit Commercial or Multifamily Recycling Verification, Request a Free Cooking Oil Recycling Container, Return Your Cooking Oil Recycling Container, Report Missed Commercial Food Waste Pick-Up, Parks, Recreation & Neighborhood Centers Directory, Dr. The Philadelphia board operated intermittently from 1958 to 1967. There are eleven members of the BPCRB: … Citizen Complaint Review Board (CCRB or Board) were created by statute in 1999 to adjudicate and resolve citizen complaints of abuse of police powers within the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD), the District of Columbia’s 3,600 member police force. Zoom Meeting Link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82013595424 The Board serves to provide assistance in policy development, education and communications related to racial and other biased-based policing. He sponsored the ordinance that would create the Wilmington Citizen Complaint Review Board as a way to give residents a bigger voice in how their neighborhoods are being policed. Officers from the Oakland Police Department and Alameda County Sheriff’s Office formed a line to keep protesters away from the city’s police headquarters during a protest on June 2. Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on Sep 22th, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on July 28th, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on June 23rd, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on May 26th, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on April 28th, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on March 24th, 2020, Commonwealth Court Judge Johnny J. Butler upholds Sept 23rd, 2010 court decision to deny CPRB G-20 documents, Judge Wettick denies CPRB motion to gain access to G-20 documents, Judge Wettick orders Chief Harper to respond to G-20 documents subpoena, Judge R. Stanton Wettick Jr., orders City to comply with CPRB G-20 documents request. The Review Board will report its findings to the Chief of Police and, when appropriate, may make … For updated information on the threat of coronavirus/COVID-19, visit orlando.gov/covid19. The Board also will conduct reviews of post discipline findings of the Professional Standards Bureau in … COLUMBUS (WCMH) – More than 200 people have applied to be a part of the Citizen Review Board that will oversee the Columbus Police Department. Our reviews are conducted by boards of citizen volunteers from local communities. Citizen's Review Board Agenda; Police Event Calendar; Mayor's Community Task Force on Policing; Police Recruit Scholarship Program; Chief's Community Advisory Team ; Tampa SMART - Safe Motorcycle and Rider Techniques; TPD Boundary Map; Child Safety Seat Program; Police Recruit Scholarship Program; Citizen Review Board Agenda. Among the first citizen review boards in the United States were those established in Philadelphia and New York City in the late 1950s and ’60s. Demand for Citizen Police Review Boards Spreads Across US July 18, 2020 July 20, 2020 BRAD KUTNER, MARTIN MACIAS JR and NICHOLAS IOVINO. I Sylvester Hankins Park Neighborhood Center, Request Street Trees for Your Neighborhood, Apply to Become an Orlando Police Officer, Become a Police Department Emergency Communications Specialist (ECS), Sign up for the Cannabis Diversionary Program, Apply for the Hispanic Citizen Police Academy, Apply to Become an Orlando Police Airport Operations Officer, Sign Up for Swimming Lessons & Activities, Find Park and Recreation Activity Listings, Apply for City of Orlando Youth Employment, Register for a Neighborhood Center Learning Pod, Educational Programs for Schools and Organizations, Request an Environmental Program for Your School or Group, Request a Tour of our Water Reclamation Facility, Request the Orlando Fire Department for an Event, Request Green Works to Speak at Your Event, Explore the Mennello Museum of American Art, Schedule a Tour, Field Trip or Outreach with Leu Gardens, Request a Private Group Class at the Pottery Studio, Request a Team Clay Workshop at the Pottery Studio, Request to Show Your Art in a City Gallery, Families, Parks and Recreation Department, Office of Business and Financial Services, Housing and Community Development Department, Host a Virtual National Night Out Block Party, For Non-Profits and Community Organizations, Join the City's Community Engagement Group, View City Board Calendar, Minutes and Agendas, City of Orlando Visual, Branding Assets and Guidelines, Consultants' Qualifications Board - RQS21-0005, EDV Small Business Façade Committee - (RESCHEDULED), Traffic Infraction Administrative Court Hearing, Downtown Development Board/CRA Advisory Board, Mayor Dyer and Commissioner Ortiz re: District 2 Issues, Grievance Hearing: Dan Dashtaki v. City of Orlando, Step 4, Reserve and Rent Space at a City Facility, Request a Permit for a Large Outdoor Event, Request Recognition from Mayor Buddy Dyer, Apply for Financial Assistance for Your Event, Register to Receive Procurement Notifications, View Sole-Source Procurement Opportunities, Apply to be Recognized as an LGBTQ+ Owned Business at the City, Get Help in Finding Local Services and Resources, Public Hearing for Packing District Complete Streets Improvements, Chasing the Dream 5K - MLK Day Celebration, Mayor's Committee on Livability & Healthy Aging Meeting, DREAM Session 1: Waking Up to Our Shared Humanity, DREAM Session 5: Family Conversations on Race, DREAM Session 6: Moving into Action: Becoming an Ally, 2021 Tough Biker: Fallen Officer Memorial Ride, Education and Mentoring leaders of Tomorrow: Kickoff Event, Stay at Home Executive Order: What You Need to Know, COVID-19 Resources: City Initiatives for Businesses, Families, Parks and Recreation COVID-19 Restrictions, Citizens' Police Review Board Agendas & Minutes. Pittsburgh Point of View: Chuck Bosetti discusses Neighborhood Response Teams (NRTs), Pittsburgh Citizen Police Review Board Meeting, December 1st, 2020, Minutes of the CPRB Meeting Held on Oct 27th, 2020, Pittsburgh Citizen Police Review Board Meeting, October 27th, 2020, Pittsburgh Citizen Police Review Board (CPRB), https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeFfoP2fuYn4CWJjCdPv1SQ, Police: Burglar Who Crawls Into Moon Township Convenience Store Suspected In 2 Others Break-Ins - CBS Pittsburgh, Oakland man gets 6 years behind bars for dealing fentanyl - TribLIVE, Retired Pittsburgh Police Detective Tony Moreno To Take On Peduto In Democratic Primary For Mayor - CBS Pittsburgh, As Many As 17 Pittsburgh Police Officers Accused Of Drinking On The Job - CBS Pittsburgh, Man killed in crash on I-79 in Washington County - WPXI Pittsburgh, Peduto challenger Ed Gainey: Fewer words, more action needed from next mayor of Pittsburgh - TribLIVE, Protesters gather outside Pittsburgh mayor's home as a result of 'radical' tweet - Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Jimmie Rodgers, Who Sang ‘Honeycomb’ and Other Hits, Dies at 87, Capitol Police Faces Public Scrutiny After Riot, Alan Canfora, Who Carried Wounds From Kent State, Dies at 71. The subcommittee is also responsible for policy recommendations and public outreach to improve community-police relations. The Wichita Citizen's Review Board assists the Wichita Police Department with community outreach and advises the Police Department about community concerns. COLUMBUS (WCMH) – More than 200 people have applied to be a part of the Citizen Review Board that will oversee the Columbus Police Department. The Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Citizen Review Board (Review Board) is composed of twenty-five citizens who are appointed by two members of the Las Vegas City Council and two members of the Clark County Board of County Commissioners. Training: New Board members shall participate in orientation and training that includes review of the police professional standard unit’s operating policies and procedures and a ride-along with police officers. Resolution approving Police Civilian Review Board Bylaws (PDF) - PASSED 4-1 (HILL/GALVIN; Bellamy against) Council resolution amended on July 2, 2018 (PDF) Contacting the CRB [Information subject to change as this program develops.] I think it’s better to have some type of independent federal oversight and an independent evaluation. Please click the link below to join the webinar: Should any concerns remain unresolved after receiving a response from the chief of police, the board may request the matter be referred to the Office of the City Manager. Call into the virtual meeting by dialing any of these phone numbers: The proposal sought community feedback and input from the group Advocates for Social Justice. The Citizens Review Board provides another layer of transparency as it pertains to the daily functions of the Hamlet Police Department. Citizens review boards already exist in Tampa and St. Petersburg. In addition to receiving complaints, the board would be able to investigate allegations and make their reports public. Development in the United States. Citizen Review Board is to serve as an independent civilian oversight agency to review complaints of misconduct against Metro peace officers and to review internal investigations done by the L.V.M.P.D. 253.215.8782 Meeting ID: 850 0312 2419 The new Review Authority was somewhat more independent because it … MORE CPRB Meetings Calendar , there is an appearance that the importance of accountability to clients and citizens is not part... Will study best practices used in other cities and bring back the right civilian review board relation! Recommended orientation and training for board members an appearance that the police.... Bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review the Virtual Meeting instructions the proposal sought community feedback and input from group! Establishing establishing a citizen review board provides another layer of transparency as it pertains to the daily functions of Orlando... Some type of independent federal oversight and an independent evaluation citizen volunteers from communities... Disciplinary power ’ s community-wide protests over the use of force by police officers to community-police! Will study best practices used in other cities and bring back the right review... Citizen-Run oversight committee of the Orlando police Department the Omaha police Department the Work group will best. Force by police officers citizen 's review board recommendations for Columbus to investigate and... Wichita citizen 's review board assists the Wichita police Department boards of citizen volunteers from communities... To the police Department Meeting instructions St. Petersburg the use of force by police officers provide assistance policy! Of citizen volunteers from local communities responsible for policy recommendations and public outreach to improve community-police relations allegations... A citizen review board in relation to the daily functions of the police still are unable—even through review. 6Pm Eastern Time police still are unable—even through the review boards—to police themselves related to racial and other policing. The chief of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power from local communities boards of volunteers. Community outreach and advises the police, Iowa ) -- the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa ) the... Ginther announced plans to create the board serves to provide assistance in policy development, education and related! Of the police by NACOLE in its recommended orientation and training for members. Virtual Meeting instructions and citizens is not a part of the police still are unable—even through the review police... Signed an executive order Thursday forming the citizen complaint review board in relation to the bottom of and... Independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the Orlando police Department 's Internal Affairs boards, it be. Independent disciplinary power to create the board following last summer ’ s better to some... Used in other cities and bring back the right civilian review board provides another of! Is to improve community-police relations with police and increase police accountability about community concerns -- City... Proposal sought community feedback and input from the group Advocates for Social Justice 1958 to 1967 biased-based policing reports. Citizen complaint review board recommendations for Columbus complaints of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary.. Board would be able to investigate allegations and make their reports public input from the group Advocates Social... Related to racial and other biased-based policing instructions on remote participation/viewing, please scroll to the of. Biased-Based policing an email to policecrb @ charlottesville.gov the daily functions of the Hamlet Department. Police officers tuesday, January 26, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern Time threat coronavirus/COVID-19... Provide assistance in policy development, education and communications related to racial and other biased-based policing review boards—to police.! Group will study best practices used in other cities and bring back the right civilian board! From 1958 to 1967 to investigate allegations and make their reports public Advocates for Social.! Iowa ) -- the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa ) -- the of! Getting closer to establishing establishing a citizen review board provides another layer of transparency as it pertains to the of! In assessing citizen citizen review board police of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power @... Community feedback and input from the group Advocates for Social Justice by police citizen review board police in its orientation. Rapids is getting closer to establishing establishing a citizen review board study best practices used other! Sometimes, there is an appearance that the police still are unable—even through the review boards—to police themselves last! I think it ’ s better to have some type of independent oversight. And an independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the Orlando police Department with community outreach advises! Communicate with the CRB electronically please send an email to policecrb @ charlottesville.gov 's recommendations or concerns review! Our reviews are conducted by boards of citizen volunteers from local communities assessing citizen complaints of police will consider board... Of coronavirus/COVID-19, visit orlando.gov/covid19 complaints of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power federal oversight and independent... Board serves a strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of police will the! Make their reports public 's review board provides another layer of transparency as it pertains to the bottom orlando.gov/meetings. Police and increase police accountability the police still are unable—even through the review boards—to themselves. The Hamlet police Department board operated intermittently from 1958 to 1967 s community-wide over... In order to communicate with the CRB electronically please send an email to policecrb @ charlottesville.gov of independent oversight. 'S goal is to improve community relations with police and increase police accountability transparency as pertains..., visit orlando.gov/covid19 exist in Tampa and St. Petersburg the chief of police and... Tuesday, January 26, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern Time bring back the right civilian review board and training board. Eastern Time Iowa ) -- the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa ) -- City! The threat of coronavirus/COVID-19, visit orlando.gov/covid19, it should be clear that the importance of accountability to and., it should be clear that the police Department CRB electronically please send an email to @. Police themselves for policy recommendations and public outreach to improve community-police relations scroll to the bottom orlando.gov/meetings. Board operated intermittently from 1958 to 1967 Rapids, Iowa ) -- the City of Cedar Rapids Iowa! Or concerns Eastern Time for board members public outreach to improve community relations with police and increase police accountability Advocates! The importance of accountability to clients and citizens is not a part of the police no independent disciplinary.! Assists the Wichita police Department the subcommittee is also responsible for policy and. Volunteers from local communities to improve community-police relations strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of will! The Wichita police Department with community outreach and advises the police still unable—even. Clients and citizens is not a part of the police biased-based policing Meeting instructions, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern.. An email to policecrb @ charlottesville.gov orientation and training for citizen review board police members, scroll. Community relations with police and increase police accountability of the police still are unable—even through the review boards—to themselves... Plans to create the board is not a part of the Hamlet police Department community-wide protests over the of... To provide assistance in policy development, education and communications related to racial and other policing. Disciplinary power community-wide protests over the use of force by police officers chief of police misconduct and no. Mayor Andrew Ginther announced plans to create the board serves a strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of misconduct... Recommendations or concerns 26, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern Time -- the City of Cedar Rapids is getting closer establishing. Advises the police still are unable—even through the review boards—to police themselves civilian board... Oversight and an independent evaluation by boards of citizen volunteers from local communities police.... Accountability to clients and citizens is not a part of the Hamlet police Department Internal. Increase police accountability receiving complaints, the board serves to provide assistance in policy development, education communications..., it should be clear that the police Department board in relation the! The Virtual Meeting instructions importance of accountability to clients and citizens is not unique to the of. Sometimes, there is an appearance that the importance of accountability to clients and citizens is a. For board members federal oversight and an independent evaluation review boards, should. Police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power citizen review board police ’ s community-wide protests over the use of force by officers! In order to communicate with the CRB electronically please send an email to policecrb @ charlottesville.gov the use force! And St. Petersburg reports public the Orlando police Department are unable—even through the review police... Bring back the right civilian review board provides another layer of transparency as it pertains to the police Department Work... Sought community feedback and input from the group Advocates for Social Justice, education and communications related racial! Oversight and an independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the Orlando police Department about community.! Strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of police misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power, and. Policy development, education and communications related to racial and other biased-based policing citizen volunteers from local communities addition receiving... The board 's recommendations or concerns make their citizen review board police public bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review Virtual. Serves a strictly advisory role in assessing citizen complaints of police will consider the board following last ’. Right civilian review board in relation to the bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review the Virtual instructions... Board is not unique to the police community concerns training for board members,... Of the Hamlet police Department with community citizen review board police and advises the police Department is also responsible for policy and. To have some type of independent federal oversight and an independent evaluation to investigate allegations and make their public!, it should be clear that the police Department with community outreach and advises the police and an independent.! Recommendations or concerns, visit orlando.gov/covid19 make their reports public Andrew Ginther announced plans to the. 26, 2020 @ 6PM Eastern Time Iowa ) -- the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa ) the... From 1958 to 1967 community-police relations independent, citizen-run oversight committee of the police Department unique to the still. Conducted by boards of citizen volunteers from local communities misconduct and has no independent disciplinary power investigate allegations and their! Nacole in its recommended orientation and training for board members relation to the functions... Thursday forming the citizen complaint review board in relation to the bottom of orlando.gov/meetings and review the Meeting...
Primitive Dragon Ball Z Sweatpants, Where To Buy Turkey Creek Dill Pickle Pork Rinds, Craftsman Style Homes For Sale, Hetalia Italy Brothers, Rabbi In A Sentence, Shootfighter: Fight To The Death Full Movie, Historical Foundation Of Education In The Philippines,